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如何在CentOS上成功安装OpenStack?

在CentOS上安装OpenStack是一个复杂但非常值得的过程,以下是详细的步骤和注意事项,确保您能够成功部署OpenStack:

环境准备

1、硬件要求

如何在CentOS上成功安装OpenStack?-图1
(图片来源网络,侵权删除)

控制节点:4核CPU,8GB内存,20GB硬盘。

计算节点:2核CPU,4GB内存,20GB硬盘。

2、网络要求

至少一套网络,使用Vmware虚拟机的网络即可。

3、操作系统要求

建议使用CentOS 7,OpenStack开源版本均支持大部分开源操作系统,如CentOS、Ubuntu、SUSE等。

如何在CentOS上成功安装OpenStack?-图2
(图片来源网络,侵权删除)

前置操作

1、关闭防火墙和SELinux

```bash

systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disaBLe firewalld

vim /etc/selinux/config

# 将 SELINUX=enforcing 改为 SELINUX=disabled

setenforce 0

如何在CentOS上成功安装OpenStack?-图3
(图片来源网络,侵权删除)

reboot

```

2、配置主机名和hosts文件

```bash

hostnamectl sethostname pretty controller

hostnamectl sethostname static controller

hostnamectl sethostname transient controller

vi /etc/hosts

192.168.44.3 controller

192.168.44.4 compute1

192.168.44.5 compute2

```

3、安装OpenStack及Ceph的yum源

```bash

yum install centosreleaseopenstacktrain

yum clean all && yum makecache

```

4、配置时间同步ntpd

```bash

yum y install ntp

systemctl start ntpd

systemctl enable ntpd

ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com

```

安装OpenStack组件

1、安装RabbitMQ

```bash

yum install rabbitmqserver y

systemctl enable rabbitmqserver.service

systemctl start rabbitmqserver.service

rabbitmqctl add_user openstack RABBIT_PASS

rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"

rabbitmqplugins enable rabbitmq_management

```

2、安装Etcd

```bash

yum install etcd y

vi /etc/etcd/etcd.conf

# 编辑配置文件,设置相关参数

systemctl enable etcd

systemctl start etcd

```

3、安装Memcached

```bash

yum install memcached pythonmemcached y

vi /etc/sysconfig/memcached

OPTIONS="l 127.0.0.1,::1,controller"

systemctl enable memcached.service

systemctl start memcached.service

```

4、安装MySQL

```bash

yum install mariadb mariadbserver y

systemctl start mariadb

systemctl enable mariadb

mysql_secure_installation

```

5、安装Keystone

```bash

yum install openstackkeystone httpd mod_wsgi y

vi /etc/keystone/keystone.conf

# 配置数据库连接信息等参数

mysql u root p < keystone.sql

mysql u root p < openstack_keystone_initial.sql

```

6、安装Glance

```bash

yum install openstackglance httpd mod_wsgi y

vi /etc/glance/glanceapi.conf

# 配置数据库连接信息等参数

systemctl enable glanceapi.service

systemctl start glanceapi.service

```

7、安装Placement

```bash

yum install openstackplacement httpd mod_wsgi y

vi /etc/openstack_placement/placement.conf

# 配置数据库连接信息等参数

systemctl enable placementapi.service

systemctl start placementapi.service

```

8、安装Nova

```bash

yum install openstackNova httpd mod_wsgi y

vi /etc/openstack_nova/nova.conf

# 配置数据库连接信息等参数

systemctl enable novaapi.service

systemctl start novaapi.service

```

9、安装Neutron

```bash

yum install openstackneutron httpd mod_wsgi y

vi /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

# 配置数据库连接信息等参数

systemctl enable neutronserver.service

systemctl start neutronserver.service

```

10、安装Dashboard

```bash

yum install openstackdashboard httpd mod_wsgi y

vi /etc/openstackdashboard/local_settings.py

# 配置数据库连接信息等参数

systemctl enable httpd.service

systemctl start httpd.service

```

11、安装Cinder

```bash

yum install openstackcinder httpd mod_wsgi y

vi /etc/cinder/cinder.conf

# 配置数据库连接信息等参数

systemctl enable cinderapi.service

systemctl start cinderapi.service

```

常见问题解答(FAQs)

1、Q: OpenStack安装过程中出现“RabbitMQ无法连接”的错误怎么办?

A: 确保RabbitMQ服务已启动并正确配置,可以通过以下命令检查RabbitMQ状态:systemctl status rabbitmqserver,如果服务未启动,请使用systemctl start rabbitmqserver启动服务,检查/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf文件中的配置是否正确,如果问题依旧存在,查看RabbitMQ日志文件以获取更多错误信息。

2、Q: 在安装MySQL时,如何确保数据库的安全性?

A: 在安装MySQL后,可以使用mysql_secure_installation命令进行安全加固,该命令会引导您设置root密码、移除匿名用户、禁止远程root登录以及删除测试数据库,建议定期备份数据库并监控其性能。

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