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如何在CentOS上安装MySQL 5.5?

在CentOS系统上安装MySQL 5.5版本,可以通过多种方法实现,以下是详细的步骤和相关FAQs:

CentOS上通过YUM安装MySQL 5.5

如何在CentOS上安装MySQL 5.5?-图1
(图片来源网络,侵权删除)

1、更新系统并安装必要的工具

更新YUM包索引

```bash

sudo yum update y

```

安装wget工具(如果尚未安装):

如何在CentOS上安装MySQL 5.5?-图2
(图片来源网络,侵权删除)

```bash

sudo yum install y wget

```

2、添加MySQL YUM仓库

下载MySQL YUM源

```bash

如何在CentOS上安装MySQL 5.5?-图3
(图片来源网络,侵权删除)

wget HTTPS://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql55communityreleaseel69.noARCh.rpm

```

安装MySQL YUM源

```bash

sudo rpm ivh mysql55communityreleaseel69.noarch.rpm

```

3、禁用其他MySQL版本并启用MySQL 5.5

查看所有可用的MySQL版本

```bash

yum repolist all | grep mysql

```

禁用其他版本并启用MySQL 5.5

```bash

sudo yumconfigmanager disable mysql80community

sudo yumconfigmanager enable mysql55community

```

4、安装MySQL 5.5

安装MySQL服务器及相关软件包

```bash

sudo yum install y mysqlcommunityserver mysqlcommunityclient mysqlcommunitycommon mysqlcommunitylibs

```

5、启动MySQL服务并设置开机自启

启动MySQL服务

```bash

sudo service mysqld start

```

设置MySQL服务开机自启

```bash

sudo chkconfig mysqld on

```

6、初始化MySQL并修改root密码

查看临时密码

```bash

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

```

登录MySQL并修改密码

```bash

mysql u root p

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NewPassword!';

```

7、配置远程访问

授予远程访问权限

```bash

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NewPassword!' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

```

CentOS上通过二进制方式安装MySQL 5.5

1、准备安装环境

卸载残留的MariaDB

```bash

rpm qa | grep mariadb

rpm e nodeps <mariadb_package>

```

删除配置文件

```bash

rm /etc/my.cnf

```

2、下载安装包并解压

下载MySQL 5.5

```bash

wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL5.5/mysql5.5.62linuxglibc2.12x86_64.tar.gz

```

解压文件

```bash

tar zxvf mysql5.5.62linuxglibc2.12x86_64.tar.gz

```

3、移动并重命名文件夹

```bash

mv mysql5.5.62linuxglibc2.12x86_64 /usr/local/mysql5.5.60

cd /usr/local/mysql5.5.60

```

4、增加MySQL配置文件

```bash

vi /etc/my.cnf

# 内容参考如下:

[mysql]

defaultcharacterset=utf8

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

skipnameresolve

port = 3306

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.5.60

datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.5.60/data

max_connections=200

charactersetserver=utf8

defaultstorageengine=INNODB

lower_case_table_names=1

max_allowed_packet=16M

```

5、配置并安装数据库

```bash

groupadd mysql

useradd g mysql mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql5.5.60

chown R mysql:mysql ./

./scripts/mysql_install_db user=mysql basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.5.60/ datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.5.60/data/

```

6、启动MySQL服务并设置权限

```bash

cd /usr/local/mysql5.5.60

bin/mysqld_safe user=mysql &

bin/mysqladmin u root password 'newpassword'

```

相关FAQs

1、如何在CentOS上检查MySQL是否正在运行?:可以使用以下命令来检查MySQL服务的状态:service mysqld status或者systemctl status mysqld,如果服务正在运行,你会看到"active (running)"的状态信息,如果服务未运行,则会显示"inactive (dead)"或其他非运行状态的信息。

2、如何更改MySQL的默认字符集?:要更改MySQL的默认字符集,你需要编辑MySQL配置文件my.cnf,在[mysqld]部分添加或修改charactersetserver选项,charactersetserver=utf8,这将设置服务器的默认字符集为UTF8,保存文件后,重启MySQL服务以使更改生效:service mysqld restartsystemctl restart mysqld

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